Bagasse-furnace



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES NEAMES, OF NE\V ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 27,146, dated February 14, 1860.

T o all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES NnAMns, of the city of New Orleans and Stateof Louisiana, have made a new and useful Improvement inBagasse-Furnaces; and I hereby declare that the following'is a full,clear, and exact description thereof, references being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of references marked thereon,making a part of this specification, the same letters being used to showthe same parts in the different views, to which- Figure 1 is a frontelevation. Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation taken from line a2 inFig. 4. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation taken from line, a', inFig. 2. Fig. 4v is a section ground view taken from line, 2, in Fig. 2.Figs. 5, G and 7 are reference" views which will be used in explainingthe other figures; that of Fig. 6, however is more specific than theothers, it shows a section of the front wall as seen from line, a5, inFig. 3.

When the combustion ofbagasse is going on, the vapor leaving it duringthe drying process, is very light, and ascends to the upper part of thefurnace chamber. This being largely composed of oxygen, and valuable asa supporter ofcombustion, when broughtV in contact with a highly heatedcombustiblewfor instance carbon, and as this substance when in thisstate, is at or near the base of the burning mass, the object of thisarrangement is to secure this vapor being drawn from the upper part ofthe fuel chambers, by the influence of the draft of the chimney; andbrought within the influence of chemical affinity of the carbon for thisoxygen, so its uses as a supporter of combustion can be secured.

The furnace as set forth in Fig. 2, has three chambers, the letter, F,being used to designate them. The number ofv chambers however, willdepend on which mode is adopted in the construction above the grates, bythe walls A, and B, that of, A, having hollow brick pillars mounted onit, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4. with a sectional view of this wall in Fig.7 making but one chamber above the grates, and two belowrequiring butone hopper, to admit the fuel, and that mounted over opening, that of Bextending from the base to the crown, therefore making two chambers inthis compartment entire, requiring two hoppers to admit the fuel throughopenings as shown [by .the same letter. This arrangement I I considerbetter than the otherin one respect there being a larger wall surface inthe furnace. The heat reflected from1 the amle will cause amore rapid`drying 'of the In the employment of the pillars as set forth mounted onwall A important advantages are secured over the arrangement asdesignated by` wall, B. The openings in the pillars to receive the vaporare in the center of the furnace, and in direct proximity to the wetmass, giving out its vapor. This vapor can leave the mass more readily,than if counteracted by external currents around the pile of bagasse, inits getting into the openings in the sides.

I omit showing any boilers or `such subjects on which the heat has toact.

The flues, n, n, in the rear are the exit ues for the gas to leave thechambers. Each has a damper, y, seen inFigs. 3 and et by which thedischarge from the chambers can be regulated. In the rear of chamber, B,the flue, m, is enlarged, not made so for any particular obj ect, butonly to allow room for its exit flue being divided by wall, m, seen inFig. 3. If the discharge is made in the rear, such iues would have adifferent form, this particular part having to be made to suit theposition of the furnace with the subject on which the heat has to act,and being arrangements well understood by the constructors of this kindof furnace, any further explanation is deemed to be useless.

During the burning of bagasse, a strong, massive cinder is formed, whichhas to be taken out of the chambers from time to time; and to do this,the combustion in such chamber to be cleaned, must be suspended, and itis all important that the other chambers shouldnot be counteracted intheir eflici-ency to keep a strong heat acting at the same time, so thesupply of steam necessary is continuous; and to prevent the air whichenters the empty chamber, when being cleaned, passing with the gas fromthe other chambers, and thus reducing its temperature and eiiciency, inheating power I conduct this air direct to the chimney, through otherchannels.

In the dividing wall of the two separate furnaces, near the base, Iconstruct the lues, s, s, seen in Figs. l, 2 and 6, Fig. 5 showing themhorizontal, and sectional, each having an opening to its respectivechamber,

Vwork, as seen in Fig. 3.

and at the rear, as indicated by the arrows, which is also used inthe-front ends, showing the direction of the air and smoke, in leavingthe furnace during the time the cleaning is going on, and from thefront, I have a Hue connected with these, and leading to the chimney,the Hues, s, s, having each a damper, that when open brings the chimneyin connection with the chamber it is the exit from, the damper, y, fromthe same chamber, being used to close its Hue, and shut 0H" the exitfrom that place, in the meantime.

In order to bring the vapor down from the upper portion of the furnace,I construct in the walls, chambers, indicated by letter, a, beginningnear the openings, 71 and extending about one half the distance betweenthe crown and the grates gk (see Fig. 2). These chambers longitudinally,are the same as the length of the interior of the furnace. The bricks ineach alternate course, are separated a short distance (as seen in Fig.`3) for the purpose of connecting chambers, a, with the interior, so thevapor can pass. The middle wall, B, has also a chamber, a, with thebricks laid on either side in the same manner, and for the same purpose,the pillars on wall, A, having similar laid brick work to receive thevapor. Below each of the chambers, a, are chambers, c, having theirsides next the furnace made open brick Each of these chambers isconnected to its corresponding chamber, a, by a vertical Hue at the backend, marked b, shown by dotted lines in Figs.`2, and 3; the latterfigure also indicating the Hue, and the direction of the vapor, by anarrow; and Fig. 4 by the same indication shows a continuation of thesame, and the connection of chambers, c, to the Hue, (Z, constructed inthe front wall of the furnaces. In the walls, A, and B, I place theHues, f; and connect cl, to f, by the Hue, e, see Figs. 4 and 6. TheHue, e, being immediately below d, and f, starting from e, continuesthrough the walls, A, and B, at the rear, and is brought under theaction of the chimney. The vapor in passing through the chambers, c,which is not drawn into the Hre, by the affinity of the highly heatedcarbon for oxygen, is brought in contact with carbonaceous gas attherear of the furnace.

The temperature at that point being high, and the Hues filling theoffice of mixing chambers, brings a decomposition of the vapor and itsoxygen into use. In Hue, cl, I have dampers, 0, see Fig. 6, by which theconnection between c, and e, on either side can be suspended if desired,except the two middle chambers, c. Should the pillars be used instead ofchambers, a, Fig. 7 will show the arrangement as made to join chamber,c, being only a continuation of the same opening from c into thepillars.

In the walls, A, and, B, and on each side of Hue, f, I have air Hues,z', seen in Fig. 2, and shown horizontal, and sectional in Figo. TheseHues have doors', i. In the construction, their sides'next the fuel aremade with open brick work, to allow the air to pass into the chamber,and supply oxygen to facilitate the combustion of the bagasse, at, ornear the base, which is in a dry state. The air when acting on the basewhen in this condition, causes it to burn rapidly, which exhausts thebase, and causes the bagasse above to tumble over and come down to aposition where its combustion will proceed uniformly.

After this my description, what I claim as new,-and 'desire to secure byLetters Patent-V 1. I do not claim the use of chambers constructed inthe sides or crowns of furnaces for the purpose of receiving anddistributing atmospheric air, as I am aware this has been done beforebut what Ido claim, isthe use of chambers in wet fuel furnaces, whichhave their receiving openings exclusively in and from the interior ofthe furnace, to receive the vapors arising from the fuel, and which willconvey and distribute the same at points meeting the carbonaceous gases,to allow the oxygen from the vapor to be brought in contact with highlyheated car# bon to support combustion.

2. I also claim the hollow pillars mounted on wall, A, in combinationwith Hue, 0,

when arrangedand operated as, and for the 100 purpose herein set forth.

CHARLES NEAME S.

Witnesses ROBERT GLiNNoN.

S. W. BROOKS.

